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br Loss of Chk sensitizes cells to hypoxia
2021-08-23

Loss of Chk 1 sensitizes glucokinase inhibitor to hypoxia/reoxygenation In contrast to Chk 2, studies have identified Chk 1 as being phosphorylated in an ATR-dependent manner at residue serine 345 during hypoxia [18]. More recently, siRNA mediated inhibition of Chk 1 signaling was found to sensi
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Estrogen receptors ERs belong to
2021-08-23

Estrogen receptors (ERs) belong to the third class of nuclear receptors (NR3) [23]. Two different forms of ER have been described, ERα and ERβ. They are coded by two distinct genes (ESR1 and ESR2, respectively) containing 8 transcribed exons that give rise to six conserved protein domains: domains A
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As for the molecular mechanism Ferguson BD suggested that Ep
2021-08-23

As for the molecular mechanism, Ferguson BD suggested that EphB4/EphrinB2 stimulation induced topoisomerase I activity in small cell lung cancer cell lines. Treatment of Nemadectin receptor with EphrinB2/Fc induced topoisomerase activity as assessed by DNA relaxation in cells with high EphB4 expres
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Enzyme activity loss during the hydrolysis process has tradi
2021-08-23

Enzyme activity loss during the hydrolysis process has traditionally been associated with thermal, mechanical, and/or chemical mechanisms (Okino et al., 2013, Ye et al., 2012, Zhang et al., 2010). Due to the recent discovery of enzyme activity loss due to interaction with substrate, it is important
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Importantly we observed significantly the
2021-08-23

Importantly, we observed significantly the reduced myocardial infarct size, the improved left ventricular function and the inhibited fibrosis after I/R with oral GA-BH4 supplementation before ischemia (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3). Usually, there is a view that the antioxidation induced by reducing agent
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Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different
2021-08-23

Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different in naive and immune animals? Initially, GC 2881 must pass stringent affinity and specificity checkpoints to ensure only high-affinity non-self-reactive cells are selected. Therefore, restricting primary Tfh cells with the greatest helper capacity
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Introduction Ubiquitylation is a post translational
2021-08-23

Introduction Ubiquitylation is a post-translational modification which impacts almost every biological process in the cell. Dysregulation of the ubiquitylation pathway is associated with several diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and immunological dysfunctions. Single ubiquiti
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br Introduction Pattern separation is
2021-08-20

Introduction Pattern separation is the ability to make distinct representations from highly overlapping information, a process which is important for memory encoding (Clelland et al., 2009). For correct pattern separation, old information needs to be retrieved and compared to new information. If
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The recombinant Scl collagen system has shown capability as
2021-08-20

The recombinant Scl2 collagen system has shown capability as a biomaterial as well because of its adaptability and scalability. Scl2 was functionalized to crosslink into a hydrogel without disrupting its triple helix [130]. The Scl2–hydrogel crosslinking also did not disrupt cell adhesion and integr
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br Acknowledgements br Membrane bound proton translocating i
2021-08-20

Acknowledgements Membrane-bound proton-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatases (H-PPase; EC 3.6.1.1) belong to a recently identified category of proton pumps, distinct from F-, P-, and V-ATPases, which utilize pyrophosphate hydrolysis as the driving force for H movement across biological membr
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In the present study we combined activity
2021-08-20

In the present study, we combined activity-based protein profiling, biochemical and genetic approaches to identify the PLCPs involved in the sphingolipid pathway leading to plant PCD. By using Arabidopsis urotensin ii and leaves, we demonstrate that this sub-class of plant proteases is activated in
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Confidence with which data of animal safety
2021-08-20

Confidence with which data of animal safety/toxicity studies can be translated to human depends upon the knowledge that whether humans would be exposed to similar chemical entities (parent and its metabolites) as the animals exposed during toxicity studies. In this regard, in vitro qualitative evalu
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One strategy which is different from the above is to
2021-08-20

One strategy which is different from the above is to isolate a similar enzyme to the one under study which will not be recognized by the antibody of the original protein. This approach will lead to prolonging an enzyme’s activity. For example, a novel variant of Carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2), which has
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Self Determination Theory SDT as described by
2021-08-20

Self-Determination Theory (SDT), as described by Ryan and Deci (2000) is “an approach to human motivation and personality that uses traditional empirical methods while employing an organismic metatheory highlighting the importance of humans' evolved inner resources for personality development and be
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As mentioned previously dopamine plays a
2021-08-20

As mentioned previously, dopamine plays a crucial role in reducing prefrontal cortical suppression to the amygdala (Rosenkranz and Grace, 2001) and prefrontal cortex mediated amygdala supression has recently been associated with vagal regulation of HRV (Sakaki et al., 2016). In addition, evidence ha
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