• br Apelin Discovered in apelin was initially identified as t

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  Apelin Discovered in 1998, apelin was initially identified as the sole endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor (Tatemoto et al., 1998). Apelin-77 (pre-pro-apelin) is the precursor for various pharmacologically active apelin isoforms (e.g. apelin-12, -13, -17 and 36), and it shares 75–95% sequence

• br Declarations Funding None for the paper

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  Declarations Funding: None for the paper in question. Competing interests: Florent Morio has received speaker's fees from Gilead, Basilea, and MSD and travel grants from Gilead, MSD, Pfizer, Basilea, and Astellas. Ethical approval: Not relevant for the paper in question. Introduction Lactic

• To the best of our knowledge only cases of

  2025-03-01

  

  To the best of our knowledge, only 3 cases of an E196K mutation have been described since it was first identified in 2000 [15], [16], [17], although 5 cases, accounting for 1.1% of all genetic TSE cases, were reported with no precise data on the clinical phenotypes in the EUROCJD collaborative surve

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction The angiogenic ocular

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  Acknowledgements Introduction The angiogenic ocular conditions represent the most common cause of blindness in developed countries [1]. It can affect all ages, for example, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants [2], [3], diabetic retinopathy (DR) [4] in working age adults and age-related

• Our observation that squalestatin caused only small

  2025-03-01

  

  Our observation that squalestatin caused only small differences in the production of Aβ40 and Aβ42 was in contrast to prior reports of the effects of other cholesterol synthesis inhibitors. This may be due to using squalestatin, a more specific cholesterol synthesis inhibitor that does not affect is

• In our sequential model for tau

  2025-03-01

  

  In our sequential model for tau and Aβ deposition, we included the tau deposition in the medial temporal CCT241533 hydrochloride in the absence of Aβ deposition, which is a pathological definition of primary age-related tauopathy (PART). Although the tau pathologies in PART and AD are almost identi

• Accumulating evidence indicates that experience dependent

  2025-03-01

  

  Accumulating evidence indicates that experience-dependent alterations in glutamate transmission in the NAc, such as those produced by repeated exposure to cocaine, involve alterations in postsynaptic signaling mediated by AMPA-type receptors (Pierce and Wolf, 2013, Wolf and Ferrario, 2010). In the N

• Overexpression of AR can lead to sorbitol accumulation leadi

  2025-03-01

  

  Overexpression of AR can lead to sorbitol accumulation, leading to diabetic complications (Ransohoff and Cardona, 2010). Therefore, AR is an important enzyme in the growth and development of organisms. With the aim of inhibiting the activity of AR in diabetic patients, screening for inhibitors and i

• br Conclusion The HT receptor family is

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  Conclusion The 5-HT receptor family is complex, and one may ask as does Bryan Roth et al. [205] whether this is useless Cy5.5 NHS ester (i.e. too much redundancy) or an embarrassment of the riches (i.e. many potential targets to choose from to affect normal or pathological function); molecular bi

• L-703,664 succinate Regarding A Rs and A ARs basal condition

  2025-03-01

  

  Regarding A1Rs and A2ARs, basal conditions generate a low tone of endogenous adenosine and cause A1R activation, in contrast to situations of increased adenosine where A2AR activation becomes dominant. When adenosine concentrations rise, e.g. during hypoxia, also time appears likely important in reg

• The zebrafish Danio rerio is a popular model

  2025-03-01

  

  The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model organism for virtually any biological function of vertebrates, and has, therefore, received a wide distribution in particular in developmental biology and toxicology (Strähle et al., 2012). With respect to AChE, the zebrafish has, e.g., been identified

• gap-26 The next level of possible correlation and comparison

  2025-03-01

  

  The next level of possible correlation and comparison between the α7 and 5HT3 receptors is at the subunit arrangement and protein folding. Crystal structures of the nicotinic and serotoninergic gap-26 receptors [45], [46] reinforced the concept of similarities between these families of receptors. Na

• A weakness of our technique is that during the early

  2025-03-01

  

  A weakness of our technique is that during the early post-operative period without the scaffold of an enteric channel patients can be at risk for traumatic or difficult catheterization, with 3 of 6 requiring a visit. This appeared to be offset by having skilled and educated housestaff capable of rec

• Our sample is representative of mRCC treated with sunitinib

  2025-02-28

  

  Our sample is representative of mRCC treated with sunitinib. However, the results from CCC setting have limited inference due to small exploratory sample (n = 51). Additionally, the significance of survival differences in CCC according to AXL staining is tangential. Unfortunately, we were unable to

• br The embryological and physiological roles of ATX ATX

  2025-02-28

  

  The embryological and physiological roles of ATX ATX is a vital enzyme that is needed for early embryological development. ATX knockout (KO) (ENPP2−/−) embryos die in utero on average at day 9.5 with vascular and neural tube defects [30], [73], [74], [75]. In these mice, malformations in the alla

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